Experimental and analytical evaluation of exhaust air heat pumps in ventilation-based heating systems

The application of exhaust air heat pumps as an energy efficient heating technology to cover the and ventilation demand highly residential buildings is becoming popular. Available studies on tend mostly focus only comparing different technologies in buildings. Most existing ignore usual presence electrical heaters backup. Moreover, impact varying boundary conditions pump's performance often not considered depth. In this sense, there still a need for discussion influence buildings' standards control strategies performance. present paper aims consider efficiency under operating conditions. study, results long-term field monitoring are utilized model dynamic behavior pump MATLAB/Simulink using black box modeling approach. such outdoor studied additionally compared other studies. physical approach defrosting process evaporator was developed integrated into black-box model; use annual simulations ventilation-based systems three building standards. Finally, five system investigated. core findings study reveal that: (1) Due limited volume flow rate moisture content with its condensation enthalpy HP significant. (2) designing due their power (e.g. 6 Wh/m³ at A-2), strategy backup must be selected carefully. (3) Conventional methods Nighttime Temperature Reduction (NTR) following reference room hardly suitable systems. (4) However, employing deployed strategy, consumption could reduced up 40% conventional methods.